Basic Metabolic Panel

Formal Name of the Test:
Basic Metabolic Panel

Other Names Used:
Basic Chemistry Panel, BMP Test, Chem8

Sample Required:
Serum

Test Overview:
This panel consists of eight independent tests that provide information on an individual’s blood electrolytes, glucose levels, renal function, and acid-base balance. The panel is typically requested as part of a standard medical examination.
The Basic Metabolic Panel is frequently requested during hospital and emergency-room admissions, as well as to monitor the metabolism and vital signs of hospitalized patients with diseases like hypertension who are being treated with diuretics or other suitable therapies.
Kidney failure, respiratory distress, and altered cognitive status may be linked to significant changes in electrolytes, acid-base balance, renal function, and blood glucose. Arrhythmias, weakness, and spasms/tremors can be caused by changes in sodium, potassium, and calcium, which modify the excitability of neurons, cardiac, and skeletal muscles.
The results of basic metabolic panel tests are frequently compared to see whether there are any patterns. A single abnormal test result may indicate something different than if multiple abnormal test results are present. Kidney failure, respiratory distress, and diabetes-related problems are just a few of the illnesses that might cause abnormal results.
The responsibilities of the 8 analytes tested with this panel are outlined in the section below:

1. Sodium: This is essential for ensuring appropriate water distribution and osmotic pressure.
2. Potassium: Is necessary for the healthy function of muscles and nerves.
3. Chloride: Aids in fluid balance, blood volume maintenance, blood pressure stabilization, and bodily fluid pH balance.
4. CO2 (carbon dioxide, bicarbonate): This is a chemical compound that is used to assess the total carbonate buffering system as well as the acid-base balance.
5. Glucose: Is a vital source of energy for cells and organs. It is used to diagnose diabetes and hypoglycemia.
6. Calcium: Is required for the proper functioning of nerves, muscles, and the heart, as well as the creation of bones.
7. The BUN (blood urea nitrogen): Is used to assess kidney function.
8. Creatinine: Is a substance that can be used to diagnose renal insufficiency and calculate the glomerular filtration rate.

Test Preparation:

Fasting for 12 hours is required.

Test Performed at:
Quest Diagnostics, Test Code 10165 
Click here to go to Quest Diagnostics page for this test